This configuration gives us a gear ratio of 2:1, which means that the speed from the motor is reduced by a factor of 2 and the torque from the motor is multiplied by a factor of 2 (not accounting for any losses due to inefficiencies in the gear train).įor multi-stage gearing, the gear ratio between the output and the input is simply the product of all the intermediate gear ratios. In other words, the smaller, driving gear will turn twice for every one revolution of the larger, driven gear. For every one revolution of the driving (20-tooth) gear, the driven (40-tooth) gear will only complete ½ revolution. This is easy to imagine if you picture a driving gear (pinion) with 20 teeth and a driven gear with 40 teeth. To achieve torque multiplication and speed reduction, the driving gear (also referred to as the pinion) will be smaller than the driven gear (typically referred to as simply the “gear” or “wheel”). From this, we can see that the ratio of the number of teeth on each gear is equal to the inverse ratio of the speed of each gear. One of the simplest ways to determine the gear ratio is to take the ratio of driven gear teeth to driving gear teeth The product of number of teeth and rotational speed must be equal for both the driving and the driven gears. The relationship between the input speed to the gearbox and the output speed delivered to the driven load is commonly referred to as the gear ratio.

This allows the motor to better control the load and improves characteristics of system performance such as settling time. Gears can also help to improve the load-to-motor inertia ratio by reducing the amount of load inertia reflected to the motor.

Depending on how the gears are arranged, they can either increase the delivered torque and decrease the output speed (the most common arrangement in motion control applications) or decrease the delivered torque and increase the output speed. In motion control systems, gears are used to change the torque and speed delivered by a motor to a driven component.

O2m gear ratio vs o2j gear ratio